Literatura citada.
Aneshansley, D.J., T. Eisner, J.M. Widom and B. Widom. 1969. Biochemistry at 100°C: Explosive secretory discharge of bombardier beetles (Brachinus). Science 165: 61-63.
Bates, H.W. 1881-1884. Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae. Volume 1, Part 1 in F.D. Godman and O. Salvin eds. 1879-1911. Biologia Centrali-Americana Coleoptera, 7 volumes in 17 parts. London. 1881 pp. 1-40, pls. i-ii; 1882, pp.41-152, pls. iii-v; 1883, pp.153-256, pls. vi-xii, 1884, p. 257-299, pl. xiii.
Bousquet, Y. and A. Larochelle. 1993. Catalogue of the Geoadephaga (Coleoptera: Trachypachidae, Rhysodidae, Carabidae including Cicindelini) of America north of Mexico. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada. 167: 1-397.Erwin, T. L. 1981. Taxon pulses, vicariance, and dispersal: An evolutionary synthesis illustrated by carabid beetles. In G. Nelson and D. E. Rosen (ed.), Vicariance Biogeography: A Critique. New York, Columbia University Press. 159-196.
Erwin, T. L. 1985. The taxon pulse: A general pattern of lineage radiation and extinction among carabid beetles. In G. E. Ball (ed.), Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Zoogeography of Beetles and Ants. A volume dedicated to the Memory of Philip Jackson Darlington, Jr. (1904-1983). Dordrecht, Dr W. Junk. 437-472.
Lindroth, C.H. 1971. Disappearance as a protective factor: A supposed case of Bates'ian mimicry among beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae and Chrysomelidae). Ent. Scand. 2:41-48.
Lorenz, W. 1998. Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles. Published by the author at Tutzing, Germany
Maddison, D.R., M.D. Baker and K.A. Ober. 1999. Phylogeny of carabid beetles as inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Systematic Entomology 24: 1-36.
Ponomarenko, A.G. 1992. Suborder Adephaga, etc. Mesozoic Coleoptera (ed. By L. Arnol'di, V.V. Jerikin, L.M. Nikritin and A.G. Ponomarenko), pp.5-142. Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.
Reichardt, H. 1977. A synopsis of the genera of Neotropical Carabidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Quaestiones entomologicae, 13: 346-493
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