Otras referencias importantes.
Ball, G. E. 1979. Conspectus of carabid classification: history, holomorphology, and higher taxa. In T. L. Erwin, G. E. Ball, D. R. Whitehead and A. L. Halpern (ed.), Carabid Beetles: Their Evolution, Natural History, and Classification. The Hague, Dr. W. Junk bv. pp. 63-111.
BALL, G. E. and D. SHPELEY. 2000. [Chapter] 19, Carabidae (Coleoptera), pp. 363-399. In, Biodiversidad, taxonomia y biogeografia de artropodos de Mexico: Hacia una sintesis de su conocimiento, Vol. 2 (J. Llorente Bousquets, E. Gonzalez Soriano y Nelson Papavero, Editors. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico. XXV + 676 pp.
Erwin, T. L. 1979. Thoughts on the evolutionary history of ground beetles: hypotheses generated from comparative faunal analyses of lowland forest sites in temperate and tropical regions. In T. L. Erwin, G. E. Ball, D. R. Whitehead and A. L. Halpern (ed.), Carabid Beetles: Their Evolution, Natural History, and Classification. The Hague, Dr. W. Junk bv. pp. 539-592.
Forsyth, D. J. 1972. The structure of the pygidial defence glands of Carabidae (Coleoptera). Trans. Zool. Soc. London 32: 249-309.
Jeannel, R. 1941. Coléoptères Carabiques, Première Partie. Faune de France, 39. Paris, Lechevalier, 571 pp.
Lindroth, C.H. 1961. The ground-beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 2. Opuscula Entomologica, Supplementum XXX, pp. 1-200.
Lindroth, C.H. 1969. The ground-beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 1. Opuscula Entomologica, Supplementum XXXV, pp. I-XLVIII.
Moore, B. P. 1979. Chemical defense in carabids and its bearing on phylogeny. In T. L. Erwin, G. E. Ball, D. R. Whitehead and A. L. Halpern (ed.), Carabid Beetles: Their Evolution, Natural History, and Classification. The Hague, Dr. W. Junk bv. 193-203.
Nagel, P. 1979. The classification of Carabidae. Misc. Pap. Agric. Univ. Wageningen 18: 7-14.
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